The four major systems of diesel engines include:
1. Fuel system: an important part of diesel generator sets;
2. Lubrication system: the lubrication system consists of oil pump, filter, pressure gauge, thermometer, cooler, pressure regulating valve, etc. Among them, the oil pump, oil pan, oil channel and oil pipe are used to store oil so that the oil can be forced to circulate between moving parts; the function of oil fine filter, coarse filter and oil collector is to remove various impurities in the oil, and the coarse and fine filters are used in parallel; the lubrication methods of the engine are divided into pressure lubrication, splash lubrication and oil mist lubrication. Most diesel engines use a composite method of pressure lubrication as the main method, splash lubrication and oil mist lubrication as the auxiliary method.
3. Cooling system: When the internal combustion engine is working, the fuel burns in the cylinder to generate a lot of heat, of which about one-third is absorbed by the parts of the internal combustion engine. The strength and rigidity of overheated parts will be reduced, the normal matching clearance will be destroyed, the oil will easily deteriorate, the friction and wear of the moving parts will increase, and in severe cases, the matching parts may be stuck and damaged. According to the different cooling media, the cooling system is usually divided into: air cooling system and water cooling system; the water cooling system uses water as the heat absorbing medium to cool the high-temperature parts; the air cooling system uses air as the cooling medium; compared with the water cooling method, the air-cooled engine not only has fewer parts, simple structure, convenient use and maintenance, but also has better adaptability to the regional environment.
4. Starting and charging system: The commonly used starting system is motor starting, which uses a battery-powered series-excited low-voltage DC motor as the starter. It has a compact structure, easy operation, and can be controlled remotely. The battery is maintenance-free. It is charged by the charging generator when the diesel engine is working, and can be charged by an external power supply when the diesel engine is not working.
